Background: Cholera is one of the most serious epidemic diseases. It’san endemic disease in Iraq; and occurs with irregular outbreaks. It’s an easily treatable disease if diagnosed early, however if left untreated, it can kill quickly. Aim: Assess the knowledge of cholera and its prevention among people attending primary health care centers in Baghdad. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional study on a convenient sample using a direct interviewing questionnaire carried out in 12 Primary Health Care centers in Baghdad during the period 15 thMarch-15thApril 2016. Adults above the age of 18 were included. Results: A sample of 300 interviewed. Males were 94 (31.3%), the females were 206 (68.7%).Overall knowledge was 60%. Good knowledge was seen in regard to general characteristics of cholera (75.7%) where (86.7%) knew that dirty water and food is the most important risk factor for transmission of cholera, (86.3%) said that watery rice stool is the main presenting symptom, while poor knowledge scores were found in knowledge related to complications (37.8%), dis-infection (42.2%) and treatment (54.4%).Only(36.0%) knew the causative agent of cholera. The findings showed a significant association (p value <0.05) between respondents' knowledge and gender, females (72.3%) have better knowledge than the males (48.9%), and knowledge with occupation, employers have good knowledge (70.3%). Television has the highest scores as a source of the information (42%) followed by primary health centers (36%). Conclusion: The overall knowledge about cholera was above average. The mass media, mainly television have a greater impact on general people’s knowledge and that women are more knowledgeable than men.