Studies on seed transmission and management of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Ciceri causing chickpea wilt

Vikram D. Singh and Gangwar, R. K.
Page No: 
1068-1078

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) an important pulse crop of India. The major diseases of the chickpea crop are Ascochyta blight, Fusarium wilt and dry root rot. Of these wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri has been considered as divesting one to cause up to 10 per cent loss in yield. Symptoms of the disease in the field and in pathogenicity test were described. The pathogen was isolated and its pathogenic ability was established as per Kochs postulates morphological & cultural characters have been described and discussed. The pathogen has adversely affected the seed germination and seedlings emergence and caused wilting in 34 plants out of 54 seedlings emerged during pathogenicity test. The pathogen was detected in the all-susceptible varieties of chickpea ranging from 12-20 present with maximum in ICP-1454 followed by Radhey and ICC-1876. It was not present in resistant variety except Avarodhi. Varieties ICC-203 and ICCV-32 did not carry seed infection. Pre-treatment of the seeds with the sodium hypochlorite and present in the seed coat of all infected seeds, followed by cotyledons and embryonal axis, pathogen survived in the seed of variety Radhey for 11 month, in ICP-1454 and ICC-1876 for 8 month. The pathogen was transmitted from seed to seedlings within 15 days in the ratio 9:1 to 4.5:1 with in variety Radhey. The pathogen was found systemic as it was recovered from the healthy tissues as well diseased tissues from roots to the top of the seedlings in serial isolation. Companion and Bavistin T were completely inhibited the fungal growth of the pathogen in vitro. Other fungicides viz., Bavistin, Vitavax, Thiram, Mancozeb, Cuman L, and Capton were such effective in checking the fungal growth in vitro.

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