Knowledge of the kinds and quantities of nutrient elements removed from the soil system by crops during the growing period is critical to determining crop nutrient requirements, and hence, fertilizer recommendation. In view of this, this study was designed to appraise the influence of five years of continuous cropping on fertility status of an Alfisol. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Ekiti State University, Ado –Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, between 2009 and 2014. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The five -year- continuous cropping treatments included: continuous yam cultivation (CYC); continuous cassava cultivation (CCC); continuous maize cultivation (CMC); continuous cowpea cultivation (CCoC); and natural fallow, which served as the check or control (C). The results indicated existence of significant (P = 0.05) differences among the five years of continuous cropping treatments as regards their effects on soil fertility status. Relative to the control, five years of continuous cropping significantly (P = 0.05) reduced soil organic carbon (SOC) from 2.93 g kg-1 for C to 0.32, 0.38, 0.25 and 0.46 g kg-1 for CYC, CCC, CMC, and CCOC, respectively. Similarly, continuous cropping resulted in significant decreases in total N from 1.89 g kg-1 for C to 0.24, 0.29, 0.19 and 0.93 g kg-1 for the respective CYC, CCC, CMC and CCOC. Continuous cropping significantly reduced available P from 0.66 mg kg-1 for C to 0.50, 0.62, 0.26 and 0.20 mg kg-1 for CYC, CCC, CMC and CCOC, respectively.